In geometry, the parallel postulate, also called Euclid`s fifth postulate because it is the fifth postulate in Euclid`s Elements, is a distinctive axiom in Euclidean geometry. It states that, in two-dimensional geometry: If a line segment intersects two straight lines forming two interior angles on the same side that sum to less than two right a.....
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_postulate
(from the article `mathematics, foundations of`) When Euclid presented his axiomatic treatment of geometry, one of his assumptions, his fifth postulate, appeared to be less obvious or fundamental ... [9 related articles]
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/p/17
The fifth and most controversial of Euclid's postulates set forth in the Greek geometer's great work, Elements. To later mathematicians, the parallel postulate always seemed less obvious than the other four and many attempts were made to derive it from them, but without success. In 1823, Janos Bolya...
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http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/P/parallel_postulate.html
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